Acknowledgments 2Cover Photograph 3
Dedication 3
Twenty Years After Our First Book
Chapter One - Introduction
Why Use Alcohol Fuels? 14
Countering The Critics 18
We Do Not Have a Food Shortage 19
Fuel Alcohol Can Increase Protein Supply 19
Fuel Alcohol Conserves Energy 20
Fuel Alcohol Does Not Pollute 20
Fuel Alcohol Is Efficient 21
Farm Alcohol Means Farm Independence 22
Food Prices Do Not Relate to Farm Prices 23
Chapter Two
Principles of Alcohol Production 26
Ethanol 26
Fermentation 27
Distillation 29
Methanol 30
Chapter Three
Success Stories 32
Albert Turner 32
Archie and Alan Zeithamer 34
Lance Crombie 37
Dr. Paul Middaugh 40
The Schroders 42
Chapter Four
Measurements and Calculations 46
Cost of test equipment 48
From the Drugstore 48
From Enzyme Suppliers 48
Enzyme Calculations 49
Chapter Five
Step By Step Instructions
For Making Ethanol 52Preparation 52
Making The Mash 52
Batching 53
Fermentation 54
Distillation 55
Cooling 60
Handling the ByProduct 60
Stillage 60
Carbon Dioxide Use 61
Drying The Alcohol 62
Conservation Is Important 62
Equipment Needed 63
Fermentation 63
Column Materials Needed 66
Original Condenser Materials 67
Condenser Materials Added Later 67
Heat Exchanger Materials 67
Mistakes To Avoid 67
Chapter Six
Solar Stills 70
Chapter Seven
Home Made Gas And Methanol 72
Chapter Eight
Using Heat From Irrigation Motors 76
Chapter Nine
Using The Alcohol 80
Burning Gasohol 80
Burning Straight Alcohol 80
Using Alcohol in Diesel Engines 82
Special Engines 83
Alcohol Vehicles Available Today 84
Chapter Ten
Possibilities For The Future 86
New Developments 86
Farmers Must Help Themselves 88
Chapter Eleven
Regulations 90
State Regulations 90
Federal 90
How to Apply for a Permit 91
Alcohol Denaturants 92
Labeling Containers 92
Chapter Twelve
Experiments With A Small Alcohol Plant 94
An Inexpensive Learning Method 94
Building The Plant 95
Cooking the Mash 98
Distillation 102
Materials List 104
Appendixes 106
Comparison of Raw Materials for Alcohol 106
Alcohol Yields of Various Crops 107
Percent Sugar and Starch in Grains 107
Sample Costs for Ethanol Production 108
Summary of ERDA Emissions 109
Typical Analysis of Distillers Dried Grain Solids 110
Water, Protein, Carb Content of Farm Products 111
New Car Warranties Cover Alcohol Blends 114
Enzyme Suppliers 114
How to Apply for a Permit from BATF 114
List of Large Alcohol Plant Manufacturers 116
Web Links to Alcohol Plants 120
Alcohol Plant Builders 121
Useful Measurements 123
Websites for More Information 124
U.S. Government Agencies 124
Non-U.S. Government Agencies 124
State Agencies 125
Alabama 125
California 125
Illinois 125
Hawaii 125
Michigan 125
New York 125
West Virginia 126
Energy and Transportation Organizations 126
Energy Suppliers 127
Automobile Manufacturers 128
Corporate 128
Universities 128
Ethanol Efficiency - Student Challenge 129
130
For More Information 130
Miscellaneous Sources 130
National Agricultural Library 131
Glossary 182
About The Author 192